Indicator Blocks Reference

Indicators are mathematical calculations applied to price or volume data. Drag them from the Indicators panel onto the canvas and connect them to comparison or signal blocks.

Every indicator has an Offset field — a positive integer that shifts the value back in time. Offset = 0 means today, Offset = 1 means yesterday, and so on. This is useful for comparing the current value to a previous one.

Tip

Parameters marked with ⚙ can be added to the Optimizer for automatic tuning. Enter comma-separated values (e.g. 14, 21, 28) to test multiple settings at once.

Trend / Overlap

SMA — Simple Moving Average

Calculates the arithmetic mean of the closing price over the last N candles.

Parameter	Default	Description
Period ⚙	`50`	Number of candles in the lookback window.
Offset	`0`	Shift value back N bars. 0 = current bar.

Formula: SMA = (C₁ + C₂ + … + Cₙ) / n

Common uses: Identify trend direction; cross-overs between short and long SMA generate buy/sell signals. A rising 50-day SMA means price is in an uptrend on average.

EMA — Exponential Moving Average

Like SMA but weights recent prices more heavily, so it reacts faster to price changes.

Parameter	Default	Description
Period ⚙	`50`	Lookback window. Shorter = more responsive, more noise.
Offset	`0`	Shift back N bars.

Formula: EMA = Price × k + EMA_prev × (1 − k) where k = 2 / (period + 1)

Common uses: Trend-following systems; often faster to signal reversals than SMA.

WMA — Weighted Moving Average

Assigns linearly increasing weights to each bar, so the most recent bar has the highest weight.

Parameter	Default	Description
Period ⚙	`30`	Lookback window.
Offset	`0`	Shift back N bars.

Formula: WMA = (n×Cₙ + (n-1)×Cₙ₋₁ + … + 1×C₁) / (n×(n+1)/2)

Common uses: Smoother response than SMA with less lag than EMA.

DEMA — Double Exponential Moving Average

Applies EMA twice then subtracts the second from the first to reduce lag.

Parameter	Default	Description
Period ⚙	`30`	Lookback window.
Offset	`0`	Shift back N bars.

Formula: DEMA = 2 × EMA(n) − EMA(EMA(n))

Common uses: Fast trend identification with reduced false signals compared to a single EMA.

TEMA — Triple Exponential Moving Average

Further reduces lag by computing EMA three times.

Parameter	Default	Description
Period ⚙	`30`	Lookback window.
Offset	`0`	Shift back N bars.

Formula: TEMA = 3×EMA − 3×EMA(EMA) + EMA(EMA(EMA))

Common uses: Very responsive moving average; best for volatile, fast-moving markets.

VWMA — Volume-Weighted Moving Average

Weights each price by its trading volume — high-volume bars count more.

Parameter	Default	Description
Period ⚙	`20`	Lookback window.
Offset	`0`	Shift back N bars.

Formula: VWMA = Σ(Closeᵢ × Volumeᵢ) / Σ(Volumeᵢ)

Common uses: More accurate representation of the “true” average price. If price > VWMA, buyers are in control; if price < VWMA, sellers are.

SAR — Parabolic SAR

Plots dots above (bearish) or below (bullish) the price. When the dots flip sides, a trend reversal is signalled.

Parameter	Default	Description
Acceleration ⚙	`0.02`	Step factor; increases each bar a new extreme is made.
Maximum ⚙	`0.2`	Upper limit for the acceleration factor.
Offset	`0`	Shift back N bars.

Common uses: Trailing stop-loss placement; exit long when Close crosses below SAR.

Oscillators

RSI — Relative Strength Index

Measures the speed and magnitude of recent price changes on a scale of 0–100. Values above 70 indicate overbought; below 30 indicate oversold.

Parameter	Default	Description
Period ⚙	`14`	Number of bars for the average gain/loss calculation.
Offset	`0`	Shift back N bars.

Formula: RSI = 100 − 100 / (1 + RS) where RS = Avg Gain / Avg Loss

Interpretation:

RSI value	Meaning
< 30	Oversold — potential bounce / buy setup.
30 – 70	Neutral range.
> 70	Overbought — potential pullback / sell setup.
Divergence	Price makes new high but RSI doesn’t → weakening momentum.

Stochastic Oscillator

Compares the current close to the high-low range over a lookback window, producing two smoothed lines: %K (fast) and %D (slow).

Parameter	Default	Description
Fast-K Period ⚙	`14`	Bars used for the raw %K calculation.
Slow-K Period ⚙	`3`	Smoothing applied to %K.
Slow-D Period ⚙	`3`	Smoothing applied to Slow-K to produce %D.
Offset	`0`	Shift back N bars.

Formula: %K = (Close − Lowest Low) / (Highest High − Lowest Low) × 100

Common uses: Buy when %K crosses above %D below 20; sell when %K crosses below %D above 80.

StochRSI — Stochastic RSI

Applies the Stochastic formula to RSI values instead of price, making it more sensitive than either indicator alone.

Parameter	Default	Description
RSI Period ⚙	`14`	Period for the underlying RSI.
FastK Period ⚙	`5`	Smoothing for %K.
FastD Period ⚙	`3`	Smoothing for %D.
Offset	`0`	Shift back N bars.

Common uses: Detecting short-term overbought/oversold extremes within an existing trend.

CRSI — Connors RSI

A composite oscillator combining three components: a short RSI, a “streak” RSI (consecutive up/down days), and a percentile rank of recent returns.

Parameter	Default	Description
RSI Length ⚙	`3`	Period for the base RSI component.
Streak Length ⚙	`2`	Period for the streak RSI (up/down day run).
Percentile Rank Length ⚙	`52`	Lookback for the percentile rank of 1-day returns.
Timeframe ⚙	`252`	Trading days used in the percentile calculation.
Offset	`0`	Shift back N bars.

Common uses: Mean-reversion entries — buy below 10, sell above 90.

CCI — Commodity Channel Index

Measures deviation of price from its statistical mean. Positive values mean price is above average; negative means below.

Parameter	Default	Description
Period ⚙	`14`	Lookback window.
Offset	`0`	Shift back N bars.

Formula: CCI = (Typical Price − SMA) / (0.015 × Mean Deviation)

Common uses: Values above +100 signal overbought; below −100 signal oversold.

CMO — Chande Momentum Oscillator

Similar to RSI but uses the sum of both up and down days in the denominator. Oscillates between −100 and +100.

Parameter	Default	Description
Period ⚙	`14`	Lookback window.
Offset	`0`	Shift back N bars.

Common uses: Overbought above +50; oversold below −50.

Ultimate Oscillator

Combines three different timeframes into one oscillator to reduce false signals.

Parameter	Default	Description
Period 1 ⚙	`7`	Short-term window.
Period 2 ⚙	`14`	Medium-term window.
Period 3 ⚙	`28`	Long-term window.
Offset	`0`	Shift back N bars.

Common uses: Buy divergence: price makes lower low, oscillator makes higher low. Overbought above 70, oversold below 30.

Williams %R

Measures momentum. Like the Stochastic but inverted — ranges from −100 to 0.

Parameter	Default	Description
Period ⚙	`14`	Lookback window.
Offset	`0`	Shift back N bars.

Formula: %R = (Highest High − Close) / (Highest High − Lowest Low) × −100

Common uses: Oversold below −80; overbought above −20.

Momentum

MACD — Moving Average Convergence Divergence

Tracks the relationship between two EMAs. Produces three outputs:

MACD line — Fast EMA minus Slow EMA.
Signal line — EMA of the MACD line.
Histogram — MACD line minus Signal line.

Parameter	Default	Description
Fast Period ⚙	`12`	Bars for the fast EMA.
Slow Period ⚙	`26`	Bars for the slow EMA.
Signal Period ⚙	`9`	Bars for smoothing the MACD line.
Offset	`0`	Shift back N bars.

Common uses: Buy when MACD crosses above the Signal line; sell when it crosses below. A positive histogram means bullish momentum is accelerating.

PPO — Percentage Price Oscillator

Like MACD but expressed as a percentage difference — useful for comparing assets with different price levels.

Parameter	Default	Description
Fast Period ⚙	`12`	Fast EMA period.
Slow Period ⚙	`26`	Slow EMA period.
Offset	`0`	Shift back N bars.

Formula: PPO = (Fast EMA − Slow EMA) / Slow EMA × 100

TRIX

1-day Rate-of-Change of a triple-smoothed EMA. Crosses above zero are bullish.

Parameter	Default	Description
Period ⚙	`30`	Lookback window for each EMA layer.
Offset	`0`	Shift back N bars.

Momentum

Ranks stocks in the universe by their historical Rate-of-Change over N bars. Returns the top-ranked symbols — use it as the input to a rebalance block.

Parameter	Default	Description
Period ⚙	`189`	Bars (trading days) used to measure momentum (ROC).

Note

This block returns a list of symbols ranked highest to lowest by momentum. Connect it to the Selected input of a Rebalance: Enter block.

Directional Movement

ADXR — Average Directional Index Rating

Measures trend strength (not direction). High values mean a strong trend (up or down); low values mean ranging, sideways market.

Parameter	Default	Description
Period ⚙	`14`	Lookback window.
Offset	`0`	Shift back N bars.

Interpretation:

Value	Meaning
< 20	No trend / choppy market. Avoid trend-following strategies.
20 – 40	Developing trend.
> 40	Strong trend in place.

DX — Directional Index

The raw precursor to ADX. Measures the difference between +DI and −DI lines.

Parameter	Default	Description
Period ⚙	`14`	Lookback window.
Offset	`0`	Shift back N bars.

Volatility

BBands — Bollinger Bands

Plots a middle band (SMA) with upper and lower bands at a set number of standard deviations. The bands squeeze during low volatility and expand during high volatility.

Parameter	Default	Description
Period ⚙	`20`	Lookback for the middle SMA and standard deviation.
Upper Dev ⚙	`2`	Standard deviations above the middle band.
Lower Dev ⚙	`2`	Standard deviations below the middle band.
MA Type	SMA	Moving average type for the middle band.
Offset	`0`	Shift back N bars.

Outputs: Upper Band, Middle Band, Lower Band

Common uses: Mean-reversion — buy at lower band, sell at upper band. Breakout — buy when price closes above upper band after a squeeze.

ATR — Average True Range

Measures market volatility as the average of the “true range” — the largest of: High − Low, abs(High − Prev Close), abs(Low − Prev Close). Does not indicate direction — only magnitude of movement.

Parameter	Default	Description
Period ⚙	`14`	Bars to average the true range over.
Offset	`0`	Shift back N bars.

True Range = max of: High − Low, abs(High − Prev Close), abs(Low − Prev Close).

Common uses: Position sizing (risk a fixed multiple of ATR per trade); stop-loss placement at Close − 2 × ATR.

NATR — Normalized ATR

ATR expressed as a percentage of the close price — makes it comparable across different-priced assets.

Parameter	Default	Description
Period ⚙	`14`	Lookback window.
Offset	`0`	Shift back N bars.

Formula: NATR = ATR / Close × 100

StdDev — Standard Deviation

Measures price dispersion around the mean. Higher values = more volatile.

Parameter	Default	Description
Period ⚙	`5`	Lookback window.
NbDev	`1`	Multiplier (usually left at 1).
Offset	`0`	Shift back N bars.

Volume

OBV — On Balance Volume

Cumulative sum of volume — adds volume on up days, subtracts on down days. The direction of OBV predicts price moves.

Parameter	Default	Description
Offset	`0`	Shift back N bars.

Common uses: Bullish if OBV is rising while price is flat — accumulation. Bearish if OBV is falling while price is flat — distribution.

MFI — Money Flow Index

A volume-weighted RSI. Ranges 0–100. Values above 80 = overbought; below 20 = oversold.

Parameter	Default	Description
Period ⚙	`14`	Lookback window.
Offset	`0`	Shift back N bars.

Formula: Uses Typical Price × Volume to compute positive/negative money flow, then scales as RSI.

CMF — Chaikin Money Flow

Measures money flow as the sum of the Accumulation/Distribution ratio, normalised by volume. Ranges from −1 to +1.

Parameter	Default	Description
Period ⚙	`20`	Lookback window.
Offset	`0`	Shift back N bars.

Common uses: Above 0 = buying pressure; below 0 = selling pressure.

BOP — Balance of Power

Measures the strength of buyers vs. sellers by comparing the close relative to the open within the full daily range.

Parameter	Default	Description
Offset	`0`	Shift back N bars.

Formula: BOP = (Close − Open) / (High − Low)

Range: −1 (sellers dominated) to +1 (buyers dominated).

ADOSC — Accumulation/Distribution Oscillator

The difference between a fast and slow EMA of the Accumulation/Distribution line. Positive = accumulation; Negative = distribution.

Parameter	Default	Description
Fast Period ⚙	`3`	Period for the fast A/D EMA.
Slow Period ⚙	`10`	Period for the slow A/D EMA.
Offset	`0`	Shift back N bars.

Cycle

Aroon

Measures how recently price made its highest high and lowest low within the lookback window. Produces two lines: AroonUp and AroonDown (0–100 each).

Parameter	Default	Description
Period ⚙	`14`	Lookback window.
Offset	`0`	Shift back N bars.

Interpretation: AroonUp near 100 = price hit a recent high → uptrend. AroonDown near 100 = price hit a recent low → downtrend.

Aroon Oscillator

AroonUp minus AroonDown. Ranges from −100 to +100. Positive = uptrend; Negative = downtrend; Near zero = no trend.

Parameter	Default	Description
Period ⚙	`14`	Lookback window.
Offset	`0`	Shift back N bars.

HT Sine — Hilbert Transform SineWave

Uses the Hilbert Transform to detect market cycles. Outputs a Sine line and a Lead Sine line. When the Sine crosses the Lead Sine, a cycle turning point is signalled.

Parameter	Default	Description
Offset	`0`	Shift back N bars.

Warning

This is an advanced indicator. Works best in range-bound (non-trending) markets.

Index

Index Value

Returns the price of the benchmark index (NASDAQ or SPY) at the current date. Use it to make decisions based on the broad market — for example, only buy stocks when the index is above its 200-day SMA.

Parameter	Default	Description
Offset	`0`	Shift back N bars (0 = today, 1 = yesterday).

Note

The index source is set in the Config block (NASDAQ or SPY).

Index Weekly Close

Returns the most recent weekly closing price of the benchmark index. Useful for strategies that only act on weekly data.

Parameter	Default	Description
Offset	`0`	Shift back N weeks.

Index Weekly Quantile

Returns the q-th percentile of the benchmark’s weekly closes over the full history. Use this to set dynamic thresholds — e.g. “only buy if the index is above its median weekly close”.

Parameter	Default	Description
Quantile	`50`	Percentile level (0 = min, 100 = max, 50 = median).
Offset	`0`	Shift back N bars.

Threshold Value

A plain number block used as the right-hand side of comparisons. Drop it into the B slot of a comparison block to set a fixed level.

Parameter	Default	Description
Value ⚙	`0`	Numeric constant. Supports comma-separated values for the Optimizer.

Example: Connect RSI → Greater Than → Threshold (30) to create “RSI > 30”.